1 in 4 People Suffer from Acid Reflux — And It’s Often Mistaken for a Heart Attack

MEDİCENTER TV / TÜRKİYE

Acid Reflux Is Not Just a Digestive Issue — It Can Mimic Heart Pain and More

In our fast-paced modern lives, stress, unhealthy eating habits, and poor lifestyle choices are fueling a rapid rise in acid reflux, also known as GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease). While often underestimated, reflux can severely impair quality of life and even lead to life-threatening conditions if left untreated. Professor Dr. Ebubekir Şenateş, a gastroenterology specialist at Acıbadem Taksim Hospital, highlights the alarming prevalence and hidden dangers of reflux, revealing the common myths that keep patients from proper diagnosis and care.

Not Just for the Elderly — Reflux Affects All Ages, Even Children

Contrary to popular belief, acid reflux is not exclusive to the elderly. It can affect people of all ages — from infants to teenagers and adults. According to Prof. Dr. Şenateş, reflux occurs in 5–9% of newborns, about 10% of children, and up to 20% of adolescents aged 10–19. Young adults are increasingly affected as well, with rising rates of diagnosis in recent years.

That Chest Pain May Not Be Your Heart

One of the most deceptive aspects of acid reflux is how it mimics cardiac symptoms. The burning sensation in the chest caused by reflux can spread to the back, jaw, or arms — closely resembling the pain of a heart attack. This discomfort may last for minutes or even hours, and while it often subsides with antacids, it may also occur after meals or during emotional stress. For this reason, chest pain should never be self-diagnosed — prompt medical evaluation is essential.

A Serious Condition That Should Not Be Dismissed

Acid reflux is far from a minor inconvenience. In Turkey, it affects one in every four people and can lead to complications like ulcers, bleeding, esophageal strictures, and even esophageal cancer. It can disrupt daily life, reduce productivity, and result in frequent emergency room visits. Prof. Dr. Şenateş stresses that timely diagnosis and treatment are vital to prevent these serious outcomes.

Over-the-Counter Medications Are Not Always Enough

Many patients attempt to self-medicate with over-the-counter antacids, but this can be dangerously inadequate. If the root cause involves a hiatal hernia or weakened lower esophageal sphincter, medications alone may not resolve the issue. Worse, some patients may unknowingly develop Barrett’s esophagus — a precancerous condition found in about 10% of chronic reflux sufferers — which requires endoscopic monitoring or intervention.

Heartburn Isn’t Always Reflux — And Vice Versa

Though often associated, not all heartburn equals reflux. Some chest burning sensations may stem from cardiovascular emergencies such as heart attacks or aortic aneurysms. Reflux-related heartburn typically responds to proton pump inhibitors and lasts longer. Nevertheless, any persistent chest discomfort warrants professional evaluation.

Medication Alone Won’t Cure Reflux

While proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been in use for over 30 years and remain a core component of reflux treatment, they are not a standalone cure. Prof. Dr. Şenateş explains that dietary changes, weight management, proper sleep habits, and avoiding late-night eating are equally crucial. In some cases, if the gastroesophageal junction is anatomically compromised, endoscopic procedures like ARMA or GERDx, or even surgery, may be necessary.

Spicy Foods Aren’t the Root Cause

Spicy foods are often blamed for reflux, but they are not the primary cause. They may intensify symptoms, but underlying factors such as overeating, obesity, stress, smoking, pregnancy, or anatomical irregularities play a larger role in triggering the condition. Reflux is a multifaceted disease that requires a comprehensive treatment approach.

Surgery Is Rarely the First Choice

Surgical intervention is not the first-line treatment for reflux. Most patients benefit from medication and lifestyle modifications. Recent advancements in endoscopic techniques, such as ARMA and GERDx, offer minimally invasive, same-day treatment options that can successfully control symptoms and prevent complications.

Reflux Is Not the Same as Gastritis

Reflux and gastritis are distinct conditions. While reflux involves the backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus, gastritis refers to inflammation of the stomach lining. Their causes, diagnostic criteria, and treatment plans differ, underscoring the need for accurate diagnosis.

Reflux Comes at a High Cost — Medically and Financially

Untreated reflux poses both health and financial risks. Complications like esophageal ulcers, bleeding, strictures, and cancer can lead to prolonged medical treatments and significant expenses. Prof. Dr. Şenateş emphasizes the urgent need for greater public awareness and early intervention to mitigate these consequences.

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