Early Eye Screening for Premature Babies: A Lifesaver in Preventing Blindness
Premature infants are at high risk of developing Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), a condition that can cause blindness. Learn why early eye screening is crucial and how specialized care can prevent vision loss. Early diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is critical for premature babies. Discover expert advice from Dr. Hamdi Er on the importance of timely eye screenings, risk factors, and the role of specialized care in preventing blindness.
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Early Eye Screening for Premature Babies: A Lifesaver in Preventing Blindness
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World Prematurity Day Highlights the Vital Role of Early Diagnosis
Premature babies face unique health challenges, and one of the most critical is Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)—a potentially blinding condition caused by abnormal retinal blood vessel development. Speaking on the occasion of World Prematurity Day, Professor Dr. Hamdi Er, an ophthalmologist at Dünyagöz Altunizade Hospital, emphasized the importance of timely eye examinations for premature infants.
"High-concentration oxygen used to save preterm babies can disrupt normal vascular development in the retina, leading to ROP. If untreated, it can cause blindness in both eyes," Dr. Er explained. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for preventing long-term vision loss.
The Most Common Eye Issue in Premature Babies
ROP is the leading cause of eye-related complications in premature infants. Dr. Er highlighted, “Retinal blood vessels develop until birth, but in preterm infants, this process is incomplete. This condition is particularly critical for babies born weighing under 1,000 grams. Conducting an ROP screening is life-saving in these cases.”
Mandatory ROP Screening for Births Before 32 Weeks
Dr. Er underlined that normal pregnancies last 40 weeks, but babies born before 37 weeks are considered premature. "Babies under 2,500 grams are classified as low birth weight, and those under 1,000 grams are at the highest risk for ROP," he said.
"ROP risk factors are relevant for all infants born under 1,500 grams or before the 32nd week of gestation. A mandatory ROP screening is crucial for these babies."
Collaboration between pediatric specialists and ophthalmologists is vital for early detection and effective treatment. “Conditions like lung issues, cardiovascular problems, severe infections, and brain-related complications increase the risk of ROP,” Dr. Er added. “Early intervention can prevent blindness, but delays in treatment significantly raise the risk.”
First Screening Within 4-6 Weeks After Birth
Dr. Er advises that the first eye screening should occur 4-6 weeks after birth. “ROP progresses through five stages, from mild to severe. Monitoring is sufficient for the first two stages, but starting laser or cryotherapy in the third stage yields the best outcomes. Early diagnosis within the first month can also help identify other conditions like glaucoma, amblyopia, tear duct blockages, and strabismus,” he emphasized.
The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Specialized Care
Dr. Er stressed that early diagnosis is critical for treating ROP before it leads to irreversible vision loss. “The facility where treatment is performed must meet high standards in ophthalmology expertise, technological infrastructure, and a multidisciplinary approach. Pediatric anesthesia specialists, sterile operating rooms, and child-friendly equipment are essential for successful outcomes.”
